Understanding the Structure of a Victorian Marble Fireplace Mantel

A typical Victorian marble mantel typically consists of 8-12 individual pieces, most of which come in pairs due to the symmetrical nature of the design. While not every marble mantel will have every part intact, many of our pieces reflect the typical structure found in Victorian-style mantels. Below, we’ll break down each part and how they come together during installation.

1. Shelf: Often designed with a curved or "serpentine" shape, the mantel shelf usually features a beveled or ogee edge. It extends about 3-5” on each side and protrudes around 5-8" from the main body of the mantel.

2. Spandrels: These are the two sections that, when combined, form the arch over the central, curved fireplace opening. Often referred to as the "legs," they are typically carved from 1-2” thick slabs of marble, though more intricate designs can sometimes be found.

3. Keystone: This decorative element covers the seam between the spandrels. Hand-carved into a variety of shapes and patterns—ranging from a simple cartouche to more elaborate designs—the keystone is made from solid block marble that matches the mantel's marble type.

4. Inner Arch: Typically matching the mantel’s marble type, the inner arch serves as a transition between the mantel and the cast iron surround. It protects the marble from soot and heat. It can be one solid piece or up to four separate pieces situated behind the spandrels.

5. Returns: These are the vertical side panels that usually measure 3-5” wide. They provide structural support for the mantel beneath the shelf, attaching to the spandrels at a 90-degree angle. Returns are positioned behind the spandrels and plinths.

6. Plinth: Located at the base of the spandrels, the plinths act as the feet or foundation of the mantel. They are typically square or rectangular in shape and slightly thicker than the spandrels.

7. Surround: The cast iron frame that holds the summer cover in place when the fireplace is not in use.

8. Summer Cover: As its name suggests, the summer cover is a decorative panel that hides the fireplace opening when the fire is not burning. It is secured by the surround.

9. Hearth Stone: Made from durable materials like granite or slate, the hearth stone is carefully cut to fit the mantel and placed on the floor. It provides structural support, grounds the mantel, and shields the floor from heat damage.